part 1 (week 8)
Give the form and determine if the following are valid or invalid:
If wishes were horses then fishes would ride. Wishes are horses, so fishes do ride. W, F
If wishes were horses then fishes would ride. Fishes do ride, so, wishes are horses. W, F
Describe how a counterexample works.
For each of the following, give the form, describe the form of reasoning, the criteria of evaluation for each, then give an example with an evaluation from the exercise sets. Use course notes and lecture information:
Argument from analogy.
Argument from authority.
Give the form and an evaluation of the following arguments:
Computers are similar to human brains. both use electrical signals to send messages. The brain uses chemicals to transmit information; the computer uses electricity. Even though electrical signals travel at high speeds in the nervous system, they travel even faster through the wires in a computer. Both transmit information. So, computers are sentient and should have the same rights as human beings.
Dr. Zevonte Smith, a licensed medical doctor with over 20 years of experience in treating cardiovascular disease, claims that a plant-based diet can help improve heart health.
Dr. Smith is a graduate of University of Michigan Medical school and serves on the board of The American Heart Association.
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